Lokta Paper: Nepal's Ancient Craft

In the forested hills above Nepal's middle elevation zone, the lokta bush (Daphne bholua and Daphne papyracea) grows in dense stands at 1,600-3,000m. Its bark has been the raw material for Nepal's handmade paper tradition for over a millennium.

Overview

Lokta paper production is documented in Nepal from at least the 11th century, when it was the primary substrate for religious manuscripts, official government documents, and correspondence. The Malla and Shah dynasties used lokta for royal decrees, land deeds, and the illuminated manuscripts now preserved in libraries from Kathmandu to London. The production process is entirely natural: bark strips are boiled in an ash solution to break down fibres, then pounded to a pulp, mixed with water, scooped onto bamboo frames, and dried in sunlight. No bleaching, no chemical treatment. The result is a durable, acid-free paper with a distinctive fibrous texture that can last hundreds of years — explaining why medieval lokta manuscripts survive while machine-made papers of the 20th century degrade. Today, Nepal's lokta paper industry employs thousands of rural women in the hills. Cooperatives in Baglung, Dolakha, and other districts supply handmade paper to bookbinders, stationery designers, and exporters worldwide. The paper's texture and durability have made it a premium product in the global artisan market. Lokta is sustainably harvested — the bush regrows from cut stumps within 3-5 years.

FAQ

Where can I buy lokta paper in Kathmandu? Thamel and Patan's Durbar Square area have numerous shops selling lokta paper products — notebooks, lampshades, bags, and art paper. Look for the Fair Trade label for verified producer income.

Can I visit a lokta paper mill? Paper-making cooperatives in Baglung District and near Bhaktapur occasionally welcome visitors. Contact the Federation of Handicraft Associations of Nepal for arrangements.